14, "A BILL FOR THE SALT SPECULATORS."[1]
On the 14th in the Senate of the Tennessee Legislature, the following bill was introduced, read for the first time, and passed:
By Mr. Hill, of Hamilton [county]. To authorize the Governor to take possession of all the salt on shore, on shipboard, or held for sale in the State, for the public use, and for other purposes.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, That whenever, in the judgment of the Governor, the public necessity and public use require it, he is hereby authorized to take possession of all the salt in this State which is stored on shipboard, or held for sale for the public use, and make such disposition of the same as the public necessity may require, and he is hereby authorized to employ all the means necessary to accomplish these purposes.
Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That just compensation shall be made, to the owner of any salt, which is taken under the previsions of this act. If the compensations shall be agreed upon by the owner and the Governor, the Governor shall draw his warrant on the State Treasurer in favor of the owner, for the amount agreed upon; but if the owner and Governor shall fail to agree on the amount of compensation at the time the salt shall be taken, the sheriff of the county in which the salt is taken, or his deputy, shall, on the verbal request of the Governor, or of the owner, forthwith summon a jury of twelve freeholders or householders, who, after being duly sworn, by the sheriff or his deputy, to assess fairly the amount of compensation to be paid to the owner of the salt and from him taken by the Governor, shall proceed to assess by their verdict the amount of compensation so to be paid, and for the amount so assessed, the Controller, a the instance of the Governor, shall forthwith draw his warrant on the State Treasurer in favor of the owner, unless he shall elect to restore the salt to the owner, which he is authorized to do; or unless an appeal shall be taken, either by the Governor or owner, from the verdict of the jury, to the next term of the circuit court of the county in which the verdict is rendered; which appeal is hereby authorized to be taken, either by the Governor or the owner, within five days after the rendition of the verdict, by the appellant giving security for the costs of the appeal, to be approved by the sheriff or his deputy, who shall have summoned the jury; and when an appeal shall be so taken, such sheriff or deputy shall thereupon return the verdict appealed from to the next term of the circuit court of his county, and the assessment of the amount of compensation be made de novo.
Sec. 3. That when an appeal shall be taken by the owner, as provided in the second section of this act, if the amount of compensations assessed in the circuit court be the same as that assessed by the verdict appealed from, or less, the owner shall be taxed with all the costs, and executions shall be issued against him and his security for costs for the amount thereof; but if the amount of compensation assessed in said circuit shall be greater than that assessed by the verdict appealed from the costs shall be taxed against the State. And if the Governor shall appeal from the verdict so provided for in the second section of this act, and the amount of compensation assessed in the circuit court shall be less than that assessed by the verdict appealed from, the owner shall be taxed with all the costs and execution shall be issued against him and his security for the cost, for the amount thereof; otherwise the state shall be taxed with the costs.
Sec. 4. That for the services of the sheriff or his deputies, in each case, provided for in the section of this act, he shall receive five dollars to be taxed in the bill of costs; and each juror who serves as provided by said section shall receive one dollar, to be likewise taxed.
Sec. 5. That for any costs or necessary expenses incurred by the Governor under this act, the Controller shall draw his warrant on the State Treasurer, as occasion may require.
Sec. 6. That for the amount of compensation assessed in the circuit court on appeal the Controller shall, as soon as practicable, draw his warrant on the State Treasurer, in favor of the owner of the salt, for which the compensation is assessed.
Sec. 7. That, for the purpose of making compensation for any salt which shall be taken by the Governor, under the provisions of this act, and of paying any necessary expenses and costs that may be incurred by him under the same, the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, or so much thereof as my be necessary, is hereby appropriated out of any unappropriated money in the Sate Treasury.
Sec. 8. That, if any person shall, after the passage of this act, send or remove any salt from this State, or shall secrete any, with intent to evade the provisions of the same, he shall be guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction shall be fined in a sum not less than one thousand dollars, and shall be imprisoned in the county jail for a period not less than one year.
Sec. 9. That from and after he passage of this act, it shall be unlawful for any person, except an agent of this State or the Confederate States, to send any salt out of this State, or to sell salt to any person to be sent or carried out of the State, without the consent of the Governor.
Sec. 10. That any person who shall violate any of the provisions of the ninth section of this act, shall be liable to indictment, and on conviction shall be fined any sum the jury may assess, not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars; and at the discretion of the jury trying the case, may be imprisoned in the penitentiary for any period not exceeding five years.
Memphis Appeal, December 18, 1861.
14, Counterfeiter Arrested
The counterfeit money that has been brought to Memphis from time to time was of northern manufacture, and it seems to have struck the northern genius we are about to speak of that it would be a good speculation to make the article on the spot. A few weeks ago circumstances led officers Klink, Dyer and Causey to suspect there was something wrong about a man named W.R. Markham, who came here from Vicksburg, but was originally from Massachusetts. Klink watched him attentively, and at length found that he was making overtures to a German employee at the jewelry store of A.J. Warren & Co. The workman communicated to the police what was the nature of the man's business with him, and at their desire he constructed for Markham the apparatus he required. Yesterday Markham was arrested, and a receipt for rent he had about him showed that he had a room over Holst & Sons, undertakers, on Main street. On searching this room the man's tools and apparatus were found. Other articles were also discovered at his residence – for he had a wife and child – on Market street, between Third and Fourth. The principal articles seized are a galvanic battery and two dies of each of the two faces of a $20 gold piece. These were of course in reverse, that is, the parts that are raised on the coin were sunk in; the execution was as true and accurate as in the original. It was intended by means of the apparatus and dies to produce a thing shell of gold of each face of the coin. Within this was to be enclosed a piece of metal of the weight and ring of gold. When the whole was finished, it would have stood all the usual tests. In making the arrest, the officers have saved many persons from being victimized by severe losses. Beside this apparatus were many tools, steel dies for two and half dollar pieces, an outsider used for opening doors when locked, an instrument for cutting cards in a certain manner for cheating at play, and sheets often used in counterfeiting. Markham was committed by Recorder Moore for trial. He was a lawyer by profession, but is an excellent practical mechanic. He informed the workman whom, he thought, he had made his accomplice, that he knew a man who would give ten negroes [sic] for good counterfeit gold coins.
Memphis Appeal, December 14, 1861.
14, "Volunteers Wanted"
A Card. – Having received authority from Columbus (Ky.) to organize a company of volunteers to join a regiment already in service at that post, and whose term of service will expire in June next, I will be pleased to enlist all able-bodied men, between the ages of 18 and 45, who desire to serve their country faithfully and unmurmuringly [sic]. To all such, I will furnish an improved musket, uniform and subsist them till mustered into service. Squads of five or more men from the country will upon making application to me at this office, receive immediate transportation to this city. Apply to Capt. E.M. Reading, box 125, post office, or at the recruiting office, No. 6 Adams street, near Front Row.
Memphis Appeal, December 14, 1861.
14, "Strike."
The Typographical Society of this city have struck for a large advance of wages, which the Publishers have decided they are not able to pay, as they are paying more for paper and ink now than ever before, and the subscription price of their papers being the same. Will our friends make enquiries for us and send us four type setters, at the regular prices 3 1/3 cents per thousand ems.[2]—Come on old type setters—come on and brighten up and help out. Fifty printers are wanted in the city now.
Tennessee Baptist, December 14, 1861[3]
14, "Our New Congressional Delegation."
The members elect to the First Congress from our State will compare most favorably with any delegation of the Confederacy. They embrace some of the finest men in the country. Tennessee may well feel proud of them whilst the nation may rejoice in so noble a delegation. In the first district we have Joseph B. Heiskill,[4] an able and profound lawyer, sound, honest, politician, and a true patriot. He will make a most valuable and efficient member.
W. G. Swan[5], one of the shrewdest and best informed men in the State, a man of fine ability, untiring energy, and unshaken devotion to the South, is a [reliable?] and efficient member from the Knoxville district. He will look well to the interests of his State, and his country; and we predict for him a brilliant and useful career. He is a man for the times.
Judge Gardenhire[6], from the Sparta district, is a man well known in the politics of this State. He is a man of [illegible], and will make a good member.
For the Bedford district, we have the [illegible] and gifted Meredith P. Gentry[7], one of the noblest, as he is one of the first statesmen in the South. In the old Congress when a member, he stood acknowledged head of that body when there were giants in it; and it will be no disparagement to our new Congress to say he will stand in the front rank of the first men that compose it. As a statesman, he is far-seeing, wise and patriotic; as an orator he has no superior on the continent; he is a bright and shining ornament to our Congress, and an honor to human nature. It is indeed good for our new republic that we have the benefit of his wise counsels and the advantage of his patriotic and enlightened services.
From the Lincoln district, we have the sterling patriot, George W. Jones,[8] who so long and with so much honor to himself and satisfaction too his people, represented his old district in the U. States Congress. He will make an able and useful member. His district sent her best man. The State and Confederacy should alike feel proud of him.
Gov. Henry S. Foote,[9] of world-wide fame, represents the Nashville district. All men and all nations know him. It is needless for us to add a work in his praise. We could not, by so doing, add an inch to the stature of his well-earned fame.
Gen. J. D. C. Atkins[10] who was formerly a member of the old Congress, represent the Paris district. He is a good man, a sterling patriot, and will make an efficient member.
The gallant Col. John V. Wright has been transferred by his constituents from the command of a regiment on the tented field, to a seat in Congress from the 10th district. He is a rising man – a man of talent and worth, and will prove an able member.
Hon. D. M. Currin[11] was returned from his district. He deservedly ranks highest as a politician and is as disinterested a patriot as lives. He is a man of good ability and will make a worth, active and efficient representative.
Where is the State that can present such an array of talent, statesmanship and patriotism in her congressional delegation? Well may Tennessee be proud of so able, gallant and noble a representation.
Nashville Daily Gazette, December 14, 1861.
14, Military Regulation in Knoxville
Martial Law in Knoxville.-Gen Carroll has issued an order placing Knoxville and surround country to a distance of one mile under martial law. The Register says this action of Gen. C.'s is a military necessity, growing out of the exigencies of the times; but will not interfere with the ingress or egress to and from the city of non-residents. Guards will be placed, as usual, around the city, as a matter of military police, but no passports will be required by persons from the country having business in the city, nor will there be any obstruction to the intercourse between the inhabitants of the city and the surrounding country.
Memphis Daily Appeal, December 14, 1861. [12]
14, Hartsville Cavalry and the Families They Left Behind
The Nashville Union and American says that the little village of Hartsville having raised and equipped two companies which are now in active service, has also raised accompany of cavalry and are now asking its acceptance into the service. They have also raised a fund of $10,000 which is now being applied to support the families of volunteers. [13]
Memphis Daily Appeal, September 14, 1861.[14]
14, Confederate Governor Harris to make an address in Murfreesboro[15]
Speaking at Murfreesboro.—We learn that [Isham G.] Harris will be at Murfreesboro on next Wednesday, for the purpose of making a speech. We will endeavor to be present and make a faithful report of his remarks for our readers. We hope Harris will have us a comfortable seat and table prepared where we can take notes without interruption. We learn that it is to be a sort of muster-day with the rebels. Harris will speak, we learn, on the following topics:
1. The $2,000,000 School Fund.
2. The Midnight Treaty.
3. Freedom of Elections.
4. Whisky, Poker and Religion.
5. His skedaddle from Nashville.
In connection with this last topic he will, by the particular request of the ladies of Murfreesboro', recite our 'Mournful Ballad," written in commemoration of that event.
P. S. Buck, the porter at the Capitol, requests us to inform Isham, that when he ran away from this place last February, he was in such a hurry, he bursted the lock off the door of the Governor's office, and that this trespass of the wandering Governor has cost him, the aforesaid Buck, several dollars in repairs. If the Ex-Governor has any of that $2,000,000 left, he would like to get the cash, and if he hasn't, rather than lose the debt he will take it out in whisky.
Nashville Daily Union, October 14, 1862.
14, Capture of a baker's dozen of guerrillas on the Nolensville Pike
A Capture.
Col. Stokes Cavalry captured thirteen guerrillas—being a full set and one thrown in for good measure, yesterday, eight miles out on the Nolensville pike. They were said to be the pickets of a regiment or more some miles further back. Perhaps some discoveries may be made before our readers see this paragraph.
Nashville Daily Union, October 15, 1862.
14, Chattanooga Confederate Conscription
Chattanooga, Oct. 14, 1862
The Judge of the County Court and the Enrolling officers of Knox county are required to assemble all persons between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five who are subject to conscription in that county, at Knoxville, Saturday the 25th Inst.
They will report to the Commandant of the Camp of Instruction at Knoxville.
John L. Hopkins, A. D. C. and Supt. of Enrolling officers
Knoxville Daily Register, October 19, 1862.
14, Continued Confederate efforts at the pacification of East Tennessee Unionists
HDQRS. DEPARTMENT OF EAST TENNESSEE, Knoxville, Tenn., October 14, 1862.
Hon. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH, Secretary of War, Richmond, Va.:
* * * *
Besides the military duties of the department, including the enforcement of the conscript law, I am endeavoring to bring about a better state of feeling toward the Government than has heretofore existed in East Tennessee, and I have strong hopes of succeeding. I informed you of my interview with Mr. Nelson, which resulted in his publishing an address to the people, a copy of which I inclosed to you. Since then I have had interview with other gentlemen, who have heretofore been firm supporters of the old Union, and am encouraged to believe that the most prominent men of the party will soon give public and cordial support to the Government. I send with this copies of letters from Judge Lucky and Mr. N. G. Taylor, both of whom were represented to me as possessing great influence, which they have used to the prejudice of the Government. To-day I had a most satisfactory interview with John Netherland, esp., a prominent and influential politician of the Union party. He is prepared, I believe, to support the Government cordially. I am told that he and Mr. Nelson are the most influential men in East Tennessee, and I have good reason to believe that in a few days they will both be addressing the people in public meetings in various places, urging them to give their hearty and active support to the Government. In my conversation with Mr. Netherland I took occasion to say that I thought the time had passed when such an organization as a Union party could be tolerated in this country. He admitted it without hesitation.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
SAM. JONES, Maj.-Gen.
[Inclosure No. 1.]
JONESBOROUGH, TENN., October 11, 1862.
Maj. Gen. SAMUEL JONES:
DEAR SIR: In a pleasant and free conversation with you a few days since on the state of the country, and more especially the condition of things in East Tennessee, among other topics the recent proclamation of President Lincoln came under consideration. I remarked that I thought the act of Congress on which it was precidated and the proclamation itself were totally unconstitutional, and equally abhorrent to my feelings and judgment as they were illegal and mischievous in their design and tendency. I have uniformly entertained and expressed the opinion that it was the duty of our citizens to yield obedience to the constituted authorities of the country. This sentiment I have repeated to all with whom I have conversed. I need scarcely say that the recent act and proclamation of the Federal authorities give additional force and emphasis to these opinions, and that all good citizens should cheerfully yield their support to the Government under which they live and offer no factious opposition to the constitutional enactments and laws of the Confederate authorities. The peace and security of person and property require this of every one.
I am gratified to learn that, while you are exercising the high authority as commander of the Department of East Tennessee, in enforcing the laws of the land it is your purpose to protect every class of citizens with energy and promptness from oppression and wrong. I believe a just and firm administration of the laws upon every one will soon produce a tranquil state of feeling in the public mind.
Should the opinions I have expressed in this brief note be esteemed of any value in aiding you in restoring harmony and quiet you are at liberty to use it in any way you may choose.
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
SETH J. W. LUCKY.
[Inclosure No. 2.]
KNOXVILLE, TENN., September 24, 1862.
Hon. NAT. [G.] TAYLOR:
MY DEAR FRIEND: According to promise I pen you a few lines. Your character and position in East Tennessee are now and have been for a long time such as to awaken the liveliest solicitude among your numerous friends that your influence as a Christian minister, a patriot, and a statesman should promptly and publicly be thrown on the side of our oppressed and insulted country. In claiming you to be thoroughly Southern in heart and soul will you assure me in your response that I truly represent you?
Very respectfully, I am, dear brother, yours,
F. E. PITTS.[16]
[Inclosure No. 3.]
HAPPY VALLEY, TENN ., October 2, 1862.
Rev. F. E. PITTS:
DEAR SIR: Your brief note of the 25th [sic] [24th] ultimo was received yesterday. Having assured me you would write me from Greeneville or Knoxville I expected to hear from you, but had hoped to hear something of as well as from you, and that you would have devoted a portion of your letter to yourself and not all of it to me. Protecting that you place a much higher estimate upon the influence I have among my numerous friends than I merit or claim and regarding brevity as the soul of emphasis, I hasten at once to respond to the one solitary question you have propounded to me as clearly, concisely, and comprehensibly as I can. You say, "In claiming you to be thoroughly Southern in heart and soul will you assure me in your response that I truly represent you?" I answer, in claiming me to be thoroughly Southern in heart and soul you do truly represent me and only do me simple justice.
I am, yours, very respectfully,
N. G. TAYLOR.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 16, pt. II, pp. 945-947.
14, Capture of Union wagon train near Clinch Mountain Gap[17]
DECEMBER 14, 1863.-Capture of Union Wagon Train, near Clinch Mountain Gap, Tenn.
Report of Col. Thomas J. Brady, One hundred and Seventeenth Indiana Infantry.
BLAIN'S CROSS-ROADS, December 21, 1863.
LIEUT.: I would respectfully report to you that, the 14th December, while carrying out Col. Mahan's instructions respecting the improvement of the road through Clinch Mountain Gap, I was alarmed just at sundown by the repeated report of musketry, and information was brought me that the train just corralled at the opposite foot of the mountain was attacked. I immediately dispatched Capt. Braxton with three companies to its defense. Shortly after I learned that the force attacking was larger that first supposed, and immediately led five other companies to its relief. Half way down the mountain the firing ceased, and knowing from the cheers that followed that the train was captured. I entertained the idea of attempting its recapture. At this time Capt. Braxton returned, the train having surrendered before he could reach it. Making what dispositions I thought necessary for the attack, I had barely given the orders to advance, when informed the enemy was marching up the eastern hill and upon my right flank, seemingly regardless of my presence, and a few shots fired not causing him to pay us equal attention, I withdrew to the gap and dispatched a company (Capt. Woodmansee's) to the aforesaid hill. The captain most gallantly repulsed his four several attempts [sic] to possess it.
Night had already set in, and my attempt to communicate with Gen. Shackelford at Bean's Station proving futile, and learning from scouts sent out that the enemy in my rear was in force, and perceiving the fact from his numerous camp fires, I adopted the only alternative left me--to retreat. Accordingly at 9 p. m. camp was abandoned, and we took up our line of march over the crest of mountains toward Rutledge. The night was dark and cold our route pathless and very rough, while the enemy was on either side of us, his pickets extending far upon the sides of the mountain, but all were impressed with the danger attending the movement and marched in silence. All night and the next morning until 10 o'clock we kept the mountains [sic]. At that hour the sound battle below us drew our attention to the south valley, where we could easily discern the contending forces. Glad to leave our elevation, I marched below and reported to Gen. Hascall for duty, and was quickly placed in position to avenge upon rebel heads our night's hurried march. From him I received orders to report to Col. Graham, and was put in position upon the ground occupied by Fifth Indiana Cavalry (which moved farther to the right), near the right center. In from and to our right was a heavy wood. By order I dispatched a company (B, Capt. King) as skirmishers, with instructions to gain a fence skirting the woods immediately to our front.
The position was gained with scarcely any opposition, upon the first appearance of the enemy's skirmishers the company withdrew in disorder. I immediately called upon Capt. Braxton, Company H, to regain the fence at any cost. Most gallantly was the order obeyed and under a heavy fire, while the captain held the position until withdrawn. In the meantime, the enemy had succeeded in planting batteries upon our right flank, and shot and shell flew thick and fast over us, but the position assigned us by Col. Graham was held until night set in. In the meanwhile, I had been ordered to report to Col. Gilbert, and by him to Col. Reilly, from whom I received instructions to withdraw in silence when night had fairly set in. This I did without creating alarm and without loss, and marched 3 or 4 miles south of Rutledge, where we bivouacked for the night. Starting the following morning at 7 a. m. we came these cross-roads, where we for the first time since leaving the gap, received something to eat.
Our transportation, camp equipage, the and greater portion of regiment and camp property, and books and papers were lost.
To Capt. Wooddmansee, for his gallant conduct in repulsing the enemy, to Capt. Braxton, who led the advance over the mountain and who distinguished himself as commander of skirmishers, to Lieut.-Col. Sayles and Maj. Bryant for hearty co-operation, and to the regiment for good conduct, I am under obligation. Commissary Sergeant Kesler and Private Lawton, Company B, were indefatigable and fearless in their efforts to trace the enemy's line below in the valley.
Sergeant McGinnis, Corporal Rawlins, and Private Carlton, Company I, discovered the forces and positions of the enemy at the foot of the mountain and to rear of us and while doing this Carlton was captured, but finally overpowered his guard, escaped, and rejoined us.
First Sergeant O'Haver, Company B, acting lieutenant, commanded pickets during the night the night, and only withdrew at dawn, when the enemy prepared to assault.
I am, with respect,
THOS. J. BRADY, Col., Cmdg. 117th Indiana Infantry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. I, pp. 605-606.
14, Engagement at Bean's Station
No circumstantial reports filed.
Excerpt from the Report of Brigadier-General Bushrod R. Johnson, C. S. Army, commanding Buckner's division, relative to the engagement at Bean's Station, December 14, 1863.
* * * *
On Monday, December 14, this division moved on Bean's Station at the head of the infantry, preceded by 100 cavalry, under Capt. Moore, of Col. Giltner's regiment. The roads were very wet and muddy and the weather was cold and inclement. Many of our men were barefooted, and of these numbers failed to keep up with their regiments. Others more enduring and persistent pressed nobly on, and were seen among the foremost and most active in the subsequent engagement. About 3 miles east of Bean's Station at 2 p. m. the cavalry encountered and drove back the enemy's pickets and sharply engaged the reserve. My leading brigade (Gracie's) was moved up, and seven companies of the Fifty-ninth Alabama Regiment, commanded by Lieut. Col. J. D. McLennan, was advanced as skirmishers, the center moving along the road. The cavalry under Capt. Moore closed in to the left and uncovered its front. The enemy continued to fall back skirmishing with this regiment of infantry for about 2 miles, and twice endeavored to make a stand. We then crossed the creek about half a mile east of Bean's Station, and the Forty-third Alabama Regiment, commanded by Col. Y. M. Moody, was deployed in rear of the Fifty-ninth and moved to the right, extending in the woods on the slope of the mountain on the north side of the valley. As the skirmishers ascended to the top of the hill east of the station, the enemy's artillery opened from three points on the elevations west of the station. Two of these points are on the north side and one on the south side of the Knoxville road. Our skirmishers were now ordered to lie down until our artillery could be brought up.
About this time Brig. Gen. A. Gracie was wounded by a rifle ball in the arm. That I was deprived of his valuable services I was not aware until later in the day, as I had seen him return to the field after having had his wound examined.
Taylor's battery of four Napoleon guns was placed in position on the north side of the road and supported by the Forty-first Alabama Regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Col. Trimmier, and Parker's battery was placed on the left of the road, with the right piece resting in the road. These batteries opened mainly on the two batteries of the enemy beyond Bean's Station and to the north of the road.
Johnson's brigade was now advanced in line of battle with skirmishers in front to the top of the hill, east of the station and on the left of the Knoxville road, and became exposed to the fire of the Federal battery on an elevation on the south side of the valley while skirmishing with the enemy's cavalry on an elevation just in its front.
In the meantime, Maj.-Gen. McLaws' division, after crossing the stream in our rear, was moved by the flank on to the ascent of the mountain on the north side of the valley, and two companies of the Forty-third Alabama Regiment, under Col. Moody, by order of Gen. Longstreet, were moved as skirmishers by the right flank along the edge of the woods on the slope of the mountain to cover the movement of McLaws' division, intended to turn the enemy's left flank.
After our two batteries had fired some thirty rounds each from their first positions, I ordered a section of Parker's battery to move to the left and front to a commanding position on the right of Johnson's brigade, where it opened on a well-formed line of the enemy's cavalry in its front and on the battery on the south side of the valley.
While this section of Parker's battery was moving to its position on the right of that occupied by Johnson's brigade, I received an order from the lieutenant-general commanding to press my line forward. The line of Gracie's brigade had, however, been somewhat advanced, and was exposed to the fire of the Federals occupying the large hotel building at Bean's station and firing through loop-holes cut In the wall of the second and third stories.
A large frame house east of the hotel was about this time set on fire, it is believed, by the enemy to prevent us from using it as a shelter. I accordingly sent two of my staff officers with the necessary orders to move forward Gracie's brigade, while Col. Fulton advanced Johnson's brigade under my eye, and the two batteries of our artillery still continued to play upon the enemy's lines in our front.
The advance in Gracie's brigade was made mainly by the Sixtieth Alabama Regiment, under Col. Sanford, the Fifty-ninth and eight companies of the Forty third Alabama Regiments moving up as skirmishers on its right and rear. Capt. Blakemore, my aide-de-camp, first conveyed to Col. Sanford the order to advance about the time Johnston's brigade commenced moving. This regiment rushed forward gallantry, and with a shout passed the line of the Fifty-ninth and eight companies of the Forty-third Alabama Regiments deployed as skirmishers. In this movement the Sixtieth Alabama Regt. [sic] was exposed to the heavy fire of the enemy, concealed in the hotel, and of a line of Federals in the plain west of the hotel, and it consequently halted, and the men attempted to cover themselves by lying on the ground. The deliberate fire delivered with accuracy from the loop-holes of the hotel continually struck the men of the Sixtieth Alabama Regiment as they lay immovably on the ground, and when that regiment subsequently arose to advance again on the hotel, under orders conveyed to Col. Sanford by Lieut. Moorhead, Gracie's brigade inspector, it left its line marked out by the dead and wounded.
Johnson's brigade was now moving in a handsome line down the western slope of the hill east of the station and south of the Knoxville road. In this movement it was exposed to the fire of the enemy's cavalry in line of battle and to a battery of artillery in its front, and on passing the creek at the foot of the slope its line was enfiladed from the loop-holes of the hotel on its prolongation to the right. This brigade sought by lying down to secure the shelter afforded by the undulations of the ground, while the companies on the right fired on the hotel. The enemy's battery in front of Johnson's brigade retired as soon as that brigade descended below its range. The cavalry retired a little from the brow of the hill, but maintained their line. The Sixtieth Alabama Regiment, of Gracie's brigade, now arose and advanced on the right of the Knoxville road directly upon the hotel in the face of the fire from that building, and from a line of the enemy extending across the valley south of the hotel, which caused the regiment to take to the shelter of a large stable some 50 yards east of the hotel building, where it continued to return the enemy's fire. In this advance Col. Sanford was knocked down by a shot, but afterward joined the regiment at the stable, where it had moved under command of Lieut. Col. D. S. Troy.
The Fifty-ninth and eight companies of the Forty-third Alabama Regiment, deployed as skirmishers, stretched from a point some distance to the right of the Sixtieth Alabama Regiment, and advanced somewhat later than that regiment on to the slope of the hollow north of the hotel. About this time Taylor's and Parker's batteries were directed to fire a few shots at the hotel, which was done. Some two shots were unfortunately fired by mistake into the stable occupied by the Sixtieth Alabama Regiment, by which 2 men are said to have been killed and 2 or 3 wounded.
In the above attitude of affairs I was advised that I could call on Brig.-Gen. Jenkins for support from his command (Hood's division) if I should need it. I immediately requested Gen. Jenkins to move one or two brigades by the flank through the woods on the slope of the mountains on the south side of the valley with a view to turn the enemy's right flank. This was about sunset. About dusk I directed Col. Fulton to push his brigade to the top of the hill in his front, which was done without resistance. About this time McLaws' division opened fire on the enemy's left flank on the north side of the valley. I now learned that Gen. Jenkins had decided that it was too late to make the proposed movement on the enemy's right flank, and I consequently concluded to press no farther my left brigade, which was very weak.
It being reported to me indirectly from Col. Sanford that the enemy were still occupying the hotel building, I ordered the left section of Parker's battery to move up to within 350 yards and fire into it. Some two balls were fired into the building, when the battery ceased to allow the infantry to advance and take possession of it. It was now found that the Yankees, all but 3 captured in the cellar, had made their escape from the west end of the hotel. Buckner's division was now in complete possession of Bean's Station, from which, with the aid of the artillery and the movement on the flank by McLaws' division, it had driven the enemy. The Federal forces had resisted our attack persistently and gallantry, no doubt with a view to save their little camp equipage, trains, &c., and in the darkness of the night their cavalry, once fairly in motion, could not be successfully pursued by our shoeless infantry. We therefore rested on our line at Bean's Station during the night. During the fight Parker's battery fired 375 rounds of shell and Taylor's battery perhaps as many.
The following is the report of the strength of Buckner's division in the affair of Bean's Station, December 14, 1863:
Command. Effective total. Aggregate.
Johnson's brigade.......................... 370 434
Gracie's brigade....................…..... 765 852
Total...........................……………,135 1,286
The report of casualties in Buckner's division in the affair at Bean's Station December 14, 1863, is as follows:
Command. Killed. Wounded. Missing O EM O EM O EM T A
Johnson's brigade........ 1 5 5 47 2 54 60
Gracie's brigade........ . 2 22 9 119 10 151 162
Total............... 3 27 14 166 12 205 222
O=Officers. EM=Enlisted men. T=Total. A=Aggregate.
The enemy's forces are represented to have been three brigades of cavalry. We have had no means of determining the number of their killed and wounded. Common reports, which seem to come from the enemy, place their killed at 100. The officers and men of my command behaved handsomely in this affair.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. I, pp. 533-537.
An account of the fighting at Bean's Station by a member of the Twenty-seventh Kentucky Mounted Infantry:
December fourteenth, in the evening the enemy moved down the valley, in solid columns, upon us. Our corps was put into position; our division-Wolford's-in front, contesting every inch of ground. Our regiment was ordered take position in the houses. The station-house is a very large brick building. Part of the regiment were in the brick and part in the wooden houses. The rebels came down the valley, through the open fields, like a flood. As there was not a twig in the way, our boys mowed them down like harvest before the sickle. While the air was filled with bullets and shells, Colonel Wolford rode to and fro along the front line, giving the men instruction how to fight to advantage. When the right of the line was being overpowered, Colonel Wolford rode up to the house and ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Ward to send four companies of our regiment to support the right. Our companies-B, H, G, and I-were dispatched to the right. The rebels moved steadily down. Our line had to give way gradually. The other part of our regiment held the houses till dark, while they were the object of a concentrated fire from the rebel batteries-the rebel lines having now passed the houses both right and left. Here our regiment suffered more than at any other time previous. By strategy, Lieutenant-Colonel Ward made his way out with the men, by leaving enough to keep up a fire from the houses, which made the rebels keep their distance till the majority made their escape by running out in small squads in [the] rear of the houses. We fell back in line of battle slowly all night.
Rebellion Record, Vol. 8, pp. 317.
14, Skirmish at Morristown [see December 13, 1863, Skirmishes at Russellville above]
14, Skirmish at Granger's Mill
No circumstantial reports filed.
14, Sanitary report for Third Division, Fourth Army Corps, Army of the Ohio
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, FOURTH ARMY CORPS, Camp near Knoxville, Tennessee, December 14, 1863.
Lieut. Col. R. O. SELFRIDGE, A. A. A. G., Fourth Corps:
COL.: I have the honor to forward herewith for the information of the commanding general of the corps and other higher commanders a report of Surgeon Blair, medical director of my division, on the sanitary condition of my command, based on an inspection made this morning. It is very evident from Surgeon Blair's report that, if the command be left much longer in its present exposed, unprotected, and unprovided [sic] condition, the ordinary military commanders will be relieved soon of the further care of very many of the men, as they will have been placed by Gen.'s Rheumatism, Diarrhea, Pneumonia, and Typhoid Fever beyond the reach of further human care.
For reasons not necessary to be given in detail here, but which are well known to the higher commanders, the troops of the Fourth Army Corps-at least the Second and Third Divisions-have not been supplied with clothing since the march from Middle Tennessee in August last. Clothing was beginning to arrive at Chattanooga when we marched from there on the 28th ultimo, but we were not allowed to remain long enough to derive any advantage from this supply. After fighting a great battle, we were hurried off to the relief of the beleaguered garrison of Knoxville. We came cheerfully and with alacrity, not only as a matter of duty, but as a work of love. But the siege being raised (the enemy having retreated), and it being apparent that further active operations in this field for some time to come are impossible, we ask now that immediate and effective measures be taken to supply our wants. The men are not only destitute of clothing, but men and officers are suffering for want of sufficient protection in tents, and both are suffering from want of variety in the rations.
When we marched from Chattanooga we were allowed but one wagon to each regiment to transport baggage and shelter for the use of the line officers and men; of course, so limited an amount of transportation allowed us to bring but a very limited amount of protection.
We supposed we should be allowed to return to our supplied as soon as the siege should be raised, and I know of no other supplies as soon as the siege should be raised, and I know of no other effectual remedy but to allow us to return to them at once. With the difficulties of transportation with which we are surrounded, I do not believe the whole transporting power can do more than keep the troops supplied with subsistence. The country can do little more in the way of affording supplies. The local stock of subsistence is well-nigh exhausted, even to the infliction of great want, perhaps starvation, on the inhabitants.
These evils certainly require an immediate remedy.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
TH. J. WOOD, Brig.-Gen. of Volunteers, Cmdg.
[Indorsement.]
HDQRS. FOURTH ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, December 14, 1863.
Respectfully referred to department headquarters for the consideration of the commanding general.
I am aware that everything possible is being to afford shelter, clothing, and subsistence for the troops. The statements herein made are substantially correct and afford conclusive proof of the impossibility of further offensive operations until clothing, shelter and subsistence, forage and transportation, are provided for the use of the troops and animals. We are now fighting the elements and contending with impossibilities which must decimate our already thinned ranks and defeat us without meeting the foe. Let us get ready by bringing up clothing, subsistence, and other absolute necessaries, and if the enemy chooses to close in upon us so much the better; we can then strike from our base of supplies and operations, while he is remote from his supports, base, and supplies.
G. GRANGER, Maj.-Gen., Cmdg.
[Inclosure.]
HDQRS. THIRD DIVISION, FOURTH ARMY CORPS, Knoxville, Tennessee, December 14, 1863.
Capt. E. T. WELLS, Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen.:
SIR: Having just returned from a personal inspection of the men in this command I have the honor to report that I find them exceedingly destitute of clothing. The entire outfit of many soldiers consists of a blouse, worn as a shirt, a pair of pants, well worn, a pair of shoes, and in some instances not even those, an oil or woolen blanket, and a hat or cap. As one of the results of this exposure, I find the men attacked with rheumatism, with diarrhea, and with fever of a typhoid character.
I deem it, therefore, my duty to bring to your notice the fact that a continuation of this exposure will, without doubt, seriously impair the efficiency of this command.
Very respectfully, yours,
W. W. BLAIR, Medical Director, Third Division, Fourth Corps.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. III, pp. 408-409.
14, General scouts in Cleveland, Benton, Red Clay, Connesauga River and Red Hill, NC
HDQRS. ELEVENTH CORPS, Cleveland, Tennessee, December 15, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. SHERMAN, Cmdg. Department of the Tennessee:
GEN.: My scouts were sent yesterday in all directions. They found a part of Gen. Davis' troops still at Benton. Connesauga River and Red Clay have also been reconnoitered. Patrols of the enemy come as far as Red Hill. The country south of Connesauga River is infested by small parties driving off the stock and hunting conscripts.
Wheeler headquarters are at Varnell's Station Hardee's at Tilton. Ten thousand men are reported near Dalton. Troops are moved to Rome. They (rebels) fear a movement by Grant into Sugar Valley. Negroes are driven south to fortify Atlanta, Resaca, and Rome.
Respectfully, yours,
O. O. HOWARD, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. III, p. 416.
14, Report on Federal military construction in Bean's Station environs
TAZEWELL, Tennessee, December 14, 1863.
Maj.-Gen. FOSTER, Knoxville:
GEN.: I have the honor of reporting that I arrived here this evening at about dark, having left Rutledge at 9 a. m. and Bean's Station at 1.30 p. m.
Lieut.-Col. Babcock accompanied Gen. Parke to Bean's Station, and together with Lieut.-Col. Bowen and myself looked at the ground in that vicinity with a view to conform to your instructions. We decided that the works should partake of the nature of detached redoubts, placed in defensive relations with each other and the ground they were to occupy, or rather, an approximation thereto was chosen. Lieut.-Col. Babcock will make further examination and fix their exact locality. At the crossing of the Clinch River (Evans' Ford) I found a sufficient guard, under the command of Col. Kise. The river was rising quite rapidly, but the guard had raised and repaired the ferry-boat, which was crossing successfully, being pulled back and forth by hand upon a cable stretched from one shore to another. I think that it would be well, as a matter of security, to have another boat built there, and will so notify Col. Babcock. I found the road from Bean's Station to Tazewell much better than I expected, and I think that it will prove a passable winter road. When I arrived here this evening it was too dark to see, but I will go over the ground early in the morning. I find that considerable has been done here, and that fortunately there is an officer here with his regiment (Col. Jackson, One hundred and eighteenth Indiana Volunteers) who is perfectly competent to do whatever may be required in the way of construction. A stockade is now being built at Mulberry Gap, and from the description given me by Gen. Willcox it seems to be just what your instructions contemplated for occupancy by outposts. I will next examine the crossing of Powell's River, and then will go to Cumberland Gap.
I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
O. M. POE, Capt., and Chief Engineer, Army of the Ohio.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. III, pp. 404-405.
14, Guerrilla attack at Boons Hill, west of Fayetteville
No circumstantial reports filed.
Blood and Fire, p. 44.[18]
14-28, Impressment of citizens into home guard companies, Memphis
HDQRS. SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS, Memphis, Tennessee, December 28, 1863.
Lieut. Col. T. S. BOWERS, A. A. G., Hdqrs. Mil. Div. of the Miss., Chattanooga:
SIR: Your communication of the 14th in regard to the impressment of citizens into the military service of the United States by my orders....
* * * *
The details of the impressment in Memphis have been energetically and prudently conducted by Brig. Gen. J. C. Veatch, commanding District of Memphis, who has mustered into service twenty-seven full volunteer (home guard) companies. Several others are yet incomplete.
I have the honor to be, sir very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S. A. HURLBUT, Maj.-Gen.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 31, pt. III, p. 522.
14, Affair at Bristol [see December 10-29, 1864 Expedition from East Tennessee to SWVA above]
14, Skirmish on Germantown road, near Memphis
DECEMBER 14, 1864.-Skirmish on the Germantown road, near Memphis, Tenn.
Report of Col. Edward F. Winslow, Fourth Iowa Cavalry, commanding Second Cavalry Brigade.
HDQRS. SECOND BRIGADE, December 14, 1864.
Capt. Huff, Fourth Iowa Cavalry, and fifty men were suddenly charged on the Germantown road, this day about 12 m., by a party, and dispersed, five miles out. Loss yet unknown, though I judge several were killed, wounded, and perhaps quite a number captured.
Yours, truly,
WINSLOW, Col., Cmdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 45, pt. I, p. 844.
14, Scout up the Cumberland River from Nashville
No circumstantial reports filed.
GALLATIN, December 14, 1864---10 p. m.
Maj. Gen. G. H. THOMAS:
The captain in charge of a party of Fourth Tennessee Cavalry sent up the river this morning has just reported that he met two of our scouts, who told him that a force of rebels, with artillery, is opposite Hunter's Point, about twelve miles above here, and they will probably attempt to cross.
JAMES GILFILLAN, Col. Eleventh Minnesota Infantry.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 45, pt. II, p. 191.
14, Rebel cavalry destroys railroad track near Fountain Head
GALLATIN, December 14, 1864---10.40 p. m.
Maj.-Gen. THOMAS:
Capt. Buck, of my regiment, stationed at Buck Lodge, on the railroad, ten miles above here, reports that a force of about 200 rebel cavalry were, about 6 o'clock this evening, at Fountain Head, one mile and a half above his station, tearing up the track and destroying the telegraph.
JAS. GILFILLAN, Col. Eleventh Minnesota Infantry, Cmdg.
OR, Ser. I, Vol. 45, pt. II, p. 191.
14, An excerpt from a Maury County plantation owner's diary relative to conditions in Middle Tennessee prior to the battle at Nashville
Southern troops are all around Nashville, the scouts and pickets are fighting every day. We are trying to get straight after the visit of the Southern army, which we entertained. We are trying to haul up some wood, working the black mule in the 2 horse wagon, which is all that was left us [by the Southern army]. The [Southern] soldiers are all through our place, so it is hard work to keep even this mule.
Confederates are conscripting all between 18 and 45, they having employed substitutes is no excuse. The next call will be between 16 and 50. They may get me yet.
Diary of Nimrod Porter, December 14, 1864.
14, JohnWatkins, 19th Ohio Battery, letter home with comments about the battle of Nashville, prostitution and race relations in Nashville
Nashville Tennessee Dec 14, 1864
Friend John,
It is almost imposible [sic] for me to do anything else this morning and for that matter all day but sit in my tent. I have concluded to sit down and write you a few lines. for [sic] it will help pass away the time and it is plenty warm enough to write this morning. we [sic] are in camp on the south side of town and hardly 15 minutes walk from the Capitol and less than 1000 yds [sic] from the line of works held by our troops on this side of town. Since [sic] we have been the rebels have made no serious moves towards our lines. they [sic] moved up and established a line in front of us. but [sic] almost out of reach being miles off. But within reach of the 30 pdr Parrots in Fort Naglee [sic]. farther [sic] to the right of us they established there [sic] line within 1000 yards in some places of our line. and [sic] once opened a Battery [sic] but they were speedily hushed up and since then have remained remarkably quiet. Fort [sic] Naglee [sic] is one of the most important works erected to defend this place [sic] there are a present 7 – 30 pdr Parrots 4-3 inch guns 4 or 6 Napoleon guns some 24 pdrs howitzers and above all 1 large 7 inch swivel gun, rifled and there is but very little of the ground near the fort that some of those guns do not cover. and [sic] there [sic] Batteries [sic] stuck along the breast works that it seems as though nothing can approach them. Yesterday I was up at the fort to see what was the occasion of such much musketry. while [sic] there [sic] I saw three of four lines of battle advancing toward the rebel lines [sic] and in a piece of woods in the advance of them the skirmishers were having a lively little time. But [sic] I could not learn the results of the movement. it [sic] has been reported that the rebels were moving and the bulk of there [sic] army is gone. and [sic] I suppose the movement was to ascertain what force there was there. the [sic] troops were mostly negroes [sic]. for [sic] a few days back the Johnnies have been coming in pretty lively with frozen feet and toes. They [sic] are without blankets and many of the without shoes. and [sic] the late cold weather has been severe on them. last [sic] Sunday was a very cold day a piercing cold wind blowing all the time and that night it froze up hard. Monday the wind subsided and it was not quite so cold. yesterday [sic] it was a little warmer. Thawing [sic] all day and night [sic] last night [sic] with a little rain. and [sic] this morning the frost is almost all out of the ground and there is mud almost bottomless. yesterday [sic] morning we were expecting to move. but [sic] for some reason or other the order was countermanded and I was gland of it. Of [sic] all the nasty muddy places [sic] when [sic] it is muddy these large Military [sic] posts heart all [sic] the [sic] immense amount of business down here keeps all the streets crowded all the time [sic] but [sic] in more than one respect I think is decidedly the worst place in the country [sic] there [sic] is more black legs and thieves than I had an idea there could be in one place and prosper [sic] and [sic] when we first came here there was not a night but someone was killed. I have been woke up several time by the firing of pistols. our [sic] fort that we first went in was in an abandoned part of town given up most entirely to prostitutes. and [sic] there is hundreds of them and I hear they have licensed [sic] houses, [sic] when we were in Lexington I thought there was a good many there but this place is ahead of anything I ever saw. It seems though there was nothing else here. for [sic] they monopolise [sic] everything. all [sic] the public hacks and drives. The [sic] front seats of all places of amusement [sic] I have seen 6 & 8 in a carriage driving by drinking and carousing singing and hollering like so many drunken men. they [sic] are dressed up in the height of fashion all the time. And [sic] it is out of the question for a man to go anywhere with me meeting some of these painted sephubcres.[19] and [sic] U. S. officers [sic] are there principle maintainers as [sic] a matter of course a great many of the night brawls and fights that very neighborhood [sic] and the first thing resorted to is the pistol. and [sic] the quickest man is the best [sic] but [sic] the private soldiers are a great many of them but there [sic] wages does not carry them far [sic] there [sic] was one spell that the 15th regulars [sic] doing provost duty got down on the negroes [sic] soldiers [sic] and most every night killed some of them. the [sic] night we came here Any Johnson made a speech to the black soldiers and in the course of the evening they had a torch light procession [sic] one [sic] of those 15th soldiers was drunk and kept following them around and hurrahing for McClelland [sic] calling Johnson and Old Abe h------b[20] and everything else they could think of [sic] finally [sic] he struck one of them and then they shot him without any ceremony right in front of Johnsons [sic] house putting 17 balls in him [sic] I believe that vexed the regulars so that [they] resolved to kill every nigger [sic] they could. but [sic] I guess it all stopped now for I have not heard anything of it lately-----[sic] but I must bring this to a close. hope [sic] you will soon be able to get around and all of you get well. I suppose you have heard before now that Bud Carter is at home. I am enjoying good health as usual my [sic] respects to all. the [sic] same to yourself and wife
John Watkins
John Watkins Collection, University of Tennessee Library
14-15, Third Naval engagement at Bell's Mill Bend, Cumberland River below Nashville[21]
Excerpt from the December 17, 1864 Report of Lieutenant-Commander Le Roy Fitch:
About 10 p. m. of the 14th I received a note from headquarters [instructing me to head for Bells Mill on the Cumberland in the morning]....At daylight I got under way with the following boats...Neosho, Carondelet, Moose, Reindeer, Fairplay, Brilliant and Silver Lake, for the purpose of attracting the attention of the [Rebel] batteries while our troops were moving to the rear. I sent the Neosho, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Samuel Howard, on down to go below the batteries, feel their strength, and then return.
The Neosho was only to engage them to attract their attention. Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Howard then returned to where I was, just above their works, and reported but four guns in position. These I could easily have silenced and driven off, but our army had not yet advanced sufficiently to insure their capture. I therefore maneuvered around above them till in the afternoon, when our cavalry had reached the desired position in the rear; the Neosho and Carondelet then moved down again and the rebels, finding the position they were in, had tried to remove their guns, but were too late; our cavalry closed in and took them with but little resistance. Our object having been thus far successfully carried out, the Neosho and Carondelet then moved on to opposite Bell's Mills, took position, and tied up to the right bank to assist our cavalry that was at the time considerably annoyed by a rebel battery of four guns situated on the side of a hill back from the river about half a mile. A few rounds of shell and shrapnel from our heavy guns, together with the firing from one of our land batteries planted on a hill above us, soon silenced the rebels and scattered the supporting column. I think this battery also fell into possession of our cavalry.
It was not getting dark very fast, and not knowing the exact position our forces had taken the firing on our part ceased and the boats were withdrawn a short distance above, where they remained until daylight next morning (15th), when we again dropped down and found our forces in entire and undisputed possession of the field. Having accomplished all that I could on this end of the line I returned at once to Nashville, and not having received any reports from Acting Master Morgan, whom I had left above the city to give me information of movements there, I sent Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Glassford up the river with the Reindeer, Silver Lake, and Fairplay to ascertain the condition of affairs in that locality. Having made the desired reconnoissance as far up as Stone's [sic] River and finding all quiet, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Glassford returned during the night. I was considerably annoyed by Acting Master Morgan's not reporting to me and keeping me informed of affairs above, as he should have done. I could not therefore pass the matter over without censuring his for neglect in this particular....I am happy to state that our participation in he stirring events of the last fortnight has been attended without the loss of a life on our side....Some six or eight men in the turret of the Neosho were somewhat bruised and scratched in the face by a shell striking the muzzle of one of the guns and exploding, but in fact, our casualties are too trivial to mention.
* * * *
Navy OR, Ser. I, Vol. 26, pp. 650-651.
14-15, Milroy claims Forrest fails to take Federal supply trains in Murfreesboro environs
....I had a hard fight on the 14th when out with a forage train. Forrest tried to capture my train, but I licked him again-and again on the 15th. I had a pretty stiff brush with them when out foraging....
Papers of General Milroy, p. 400. [22]
14-15, "The Poor Fund-Bounteous Contribution.
The following correspondence explains itself, and speaks volumes for the liberal donors Messrs. Duffield & Flynn, of the Old Theatre:
Nashville Theatre, Dec. 14, 1864.-Mr. William Driver, Chairman Relief Committee-Dear Sir: Enclosed you will find three hundred ($300) dollars, which you will please accept as a contribution for the poor from yours, respectfully, Duffield & Flynn, Managers Nashville Theatre.
Reply of Capt. Driver.
Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1864-Messrs. Duffield & Flynn, Managers of the Nashville Theatre-German: Your note of this date enclosing three hundred dollars for the benefit of the poor of Nashville is before us. In the name of our many sufferers, we thank you. Gentlemen, you have stretched out your hands voluntarily and gloriously to wipe away the tears of affliction from the eyes of the widow and fatherless, and their God will surely bless and protect you and yours. "The blessing of Him that was ready to perish" will gather around your path, for you have caused the widow's heart "to leap for joy."
Very truly yours,
William Driver, Chairman.
Nashville Dispatch, December 16, 1864.
[1] Tennessee's, and indeed the Confederacy's need for salt was profound. It was such a rare commodity that it was important to keep as much as possible on hand, and so laws were passed to make it a controlled substance. Salt was critical in the curing of meat. This gives another indication that the Confederacy had more spirit than, for example, salt, or mills to produce weapons, etc. It is easy to see that while Tennessee's leaders were long on words, they were short of many basic items, and such shortages would condemn thousands of Tennesseans to an early grave from the effects of disease, which was brought on by improperly cured meat. This bill never became law, perhaps because of a "salt lobby."
[2] The width of a square or nearly square piece of type, used as a unit of measure for matter set in that size of type.
[3]As cited in: http://www.uttyl.edu/vbetts.`
[4] Served in the State Senate, 32nd General Assembly, 1857-1859, representing Hancock, Hawkins, and Jefferson countries, a member of the Whig Party. He was elected twice to the Congress of the Confederate States, and was captured by Federal soldiers in 1864. He was incarcerated and remained in prison until the end of the war. After the war he established a practice in Memphis and was active in local politics. He died in 1913. See: Robert M. McBride and Dan M. Robinson, eds., Biographical Directory of the Tennessee General Assembly, Volume I,, 1796-1861, (Nashville: Tennessee State Library and Archives and Tennessee Historical Commission, 1975) p. 354-355. [Hereinafter cited as: Biographical Directory, Vol. I]
[5] William Graham Swan, (1821-1869) Born in 1821. Tennessee state attorney general, 1851; mayor of Knoxville, Tenn., 1855-56; served in the Confederate Army during the Civil War; Representative from Tennessee in the Confederate Congress, 1862-65. Died April 18, 1869. Interment at Elmwood Cemetery, Memphis, Tenn. As cited in: http://politicalgraveyard.com.
[6] Erasmus Lee Gardenhire, 1815-1899. Served in the 28th General Assembly, 18849-1851 representing White, Fentress, Jackson, Overton, and Van Buren counties, and in the House, 39th General Assembly, 1875-1877. Elected to the First Confederate Congress. See: Biographical Directory, Vol. I, p. 275.
[7] Meredith P. Gentry Served in the House in the 21st and 22nd General Assemblies, 1835-39, representing Williamson county. He was elected to the 1st Confederate Congress on February 18, 1862, to February 17, 1864; may not have attended the 3rd and 4th sessions of the congress; was not a member of the 2nd Confederate Congress. He was captured in Middle Tennessee in 1864 and requested President Lincoln to send him south because of ill health; the request was granted. He died in Davidson County on November 2, 1866. See: Biographical Directory, Vol. I, p. 279.
[8] George Washington Jones, a Democrat, served in the House, 21st and 22nd General Assemblies, 1835-1839, representing Lincoln County; served in the Senate, 23rd General Assembly, 1839-1841, representing Lincoln and Giles counties. Elected to the First Confederate Congress from February 18, 1862, to February 18, 1864. He was not a candidate for reelection. He died in Fayetteville, November 14, 1884. See: Biographical Directory, Vol. I, pp. 413-414.
[9] Henry Stuart Foote, a Senator from Mississippi; born in Fauquier County, Va., February 28, 1804; pursued classical studies; graduated from Washington College (now Washington and Lee University), Lexington, Va., in 1819; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1823 and commenced practice in Tuscumbia, Ala., in 1825; moved to Mississippi in 1826 and practiced law in Jackson, Natchez, Vicksburg, and Raymond; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1847, until January 8, 1852, when he resigned to become Governor; chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations (Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses); Governor of Mississippi 1852-1854; moved to California in 1854; returned to Vicksburg, Miss., in 1858; member of the Southern convention held at Knoxville in 1859; moved to Tennessee and settled near Nashville; elected to the First and Second Confederate Congresses; afterwards moved to Washington, D.C., and practiced law; appointed by President Rutherford Hayes superintendent of the mint at New Orleans 1878-1880; author; died in Nashville, Tenn., on May 20, 1880; interment in Mount Olivet Cemetery. As cited in: http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts.
[10] John DeWitt Clinton Atkins, served in the House in the 28th and 29th 1849-1853, representing Henry County. Served in the Senate during the 31st Assembly, 1855-1857. A member of the Democrat party. He served in the Confederate army, joining at Paris May 20, 1861 and rising meteorically to lieutenant-colonel of the 5th Tennessee Infantry; resigned less than two months later, on August 7, 1861. Elected as a representative from Tennessee to the Confederate Provisional Congress to February 1, 1862; member of the House of Representatives of the 1st and 2nd Permanent Confederate Congresses, 1862 to the end of the war. Elected to the 43rd-47th U. S. Congresses March 4 1873-March 3, 1883. Served as U. S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs from 1885 to 1888. He died at Paris on June 2, 1908. See: Biographical Directory, Vol. I, pp. 20-21.
[11] Served in the House in the 29th General Assembly, 1851-1853, representing Fayette, Hardeman, and Shelby counties; he was a Democrat. Born in Murfreesboroi in 1817, he was elected to the 1st and 2nd Confederate Congresses, and continued serving until his death in Richmond, Va., on March 25, 1864. See: Biographical Directory, Vol. I, p. 184.
[12] As cited in PQCW.
[13] As cited in PQCW.
[14] As cited in PQCW
[15] Not found.
[16] The Rev. Pitts was the author of A Defense of Armageddon, or, Our Great Country Foretold In The Holy Scriptures, (Nashville 1857).
[17] This was a skirmish according to Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee.
[18] Michael R. Bradley, With Blood and Fire: Life Behind Union Lines in Middle Tennessee, (Burd Street Press: Shippensburg, PA, 2003). [Hereinafter cited as Blood and Fire.]
[19] Ed. note. The editor of this collection believes the author may have meant "sepulchres," i.e. painted tombs. He may likewise have meant succubus, a demon in female form supposed to have sexual intercourse with men in their sleep.
[20] Perhaps Watkins meant "humbug."
[21] Referenced in neither Dyer's Battle Index for Tennessee nor the OR.
[22] See also pp. 469-477, Papers of General Milroy, for another rather gasconading account from his letter to his wife of January 1, 1865. Additionally, as is seen below, Forrest reported destroying supplies and taking prisoners. See: OR, Ser. I, Vol. 45, pt. I, p. 756.
James B. Jones, Jr.
Public Historian
Tennessee Historical Commission
2941 Lebanon Road
Nashville, TN 37214
(615)-770-1090 ext. 115
(615)-532-1549 FAX
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